Plant List by Scientific Name
Abies balsamea (L.) Balsam Fir
Acer ginnala Maxim. – Amur Maple - not in Garden
Acer negundo L. – Box Elder
Acer nigrum F.Michx. (Acer saccharum nigrum) – Black Sugar Maple
Acer pensylvanicum L. – Striped Maple
Acer platanoides L. – Norway Maple
Acer rubrum L. – Red Maple
Acer saccharinum L. – Silver Maple
Acer saccharum Marshall – Sugar Maple
Acer spicatum Lam. – Mountain Maple
Achillea millefolium L. – Yarrow
Aconitum napellus L. – Monkshood [No longer extant]
Acorus americanus Raf. – Sweet Flag - [Historical, not extant]
Acorus calamus L. - See Acorus americanus
Actaea racemosa L. var. racemosa - see Cimicifuga racemosa L. – Black Bugbane
Actaea pachypoda Elliot – White Baneberry
Actaea rubra Willd. – Red Baneberry - red berry form
Actaea rubraWilld. – Red Baneberry - white berry form
Adiantum pedatum L. – Northern Maidenhair Fern
Aesculus glabra Willd. – Ohio Buckeye (American Horse-chestnut)
Aethusa cynapium L. – Fool's Parsley - [Not in the Garden]
Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze – Blue Giant Hyssop (Giant Hyssop, Anise or Fragrant Giant Hyssop)
Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze. – Purple Giant Hyssop
Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze – Yellow Giant Hyssop
Ageratina altissima L. – White Snakeroot
Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. – Agrimony (Soft Agrimony)
Agrimonia striata Michx. – Roadside Agrimony - not in the Garden
Agrostis gigantea Roth – Redtop Grass
Ajuga reptans L. – Common Bugle [Not in the Garden]
Alisma triviale Pursh [Alisma plantago-aquatica L.] – Northern Water Plantain
Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande – Garlic Mustard
Allium canadense L. – Wild Garlic
Allium cernuum Roth. – Nodding Wild Onion
Allium stellatum Fraser ex Ker Gawl. – Wild Onion (Autumn Onion)
Allium tricoccum Sol. – Wild Leek (Ramp)
Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (Du Roi) R. T. Clausen – Speckled Alder
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. – Ragweed - Common
Ambrosia trifida L. var. trifida [Historical - not extant] – Giant Ragweed
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex Roemer – Saskatoon Service-berry
Amelanchier arborea (F. Michx.) Fernald – Downy Serviceberry (Downy Juneberry)
Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. – Shadblow Serviceberry [Historical, not extant]
Amelanchier laevis Wiegand – Allegheny Serviceberry
Amelanchier spicata (Lam.) K.Koch – Running Serviceberry (Creeping Juneberry)
Amorpha canescens Pursh – Leadplant
Amorpha nana Nutt. – Fragrant False Indigo [Historical, not extant]
Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald. – Hog Peanut
Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. – Eastern Bluestar (Willow Amsonia)
Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. – Pearly Everlasting [Historical, not extant]
Andropogon gerardii Vitman – Big Bluestem
Anemone acutiloba (DC) G.Lawson – Sharp-lobed Hepatica
Anemone americana (DC) H.Hara – Round-lobed Hepatica
Anemone canadensis L. – Canada Anemone
Anemone cylindrica A.Gray – Thimbleweed
Anemone patens L. var. multifida Pritz. – Pasque Flower [Historical, not extant]
Anemone quinquefolia L. – Wood Anemone
Anemone virginiana L. – Tall Thimbleweed
Anemonella thalictroides - see Thalictrum thalictroides L. – Rue-anemone
Antennaria neglecta Greene – Field Pussytoes
Anthemis cotula L. - Dog Fennel [No longer extant.]
Apios americana Medik. – Groundnut (Wild Bean)
Apocynum androsaemifolium L. – Spreading Dogbane (Common Dogbane)
Apocynum cannabinum L. – Indianhemp (American Dogbane))
Aquilegia canadensis L. – Wild Columbine (Red Columbine)
Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) see - Boechera laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Al-Shehbaz – Smooth Rockcress
Aralia nudicaulis L. – Wild Sarsaparilla
Aralia racemosa L. ssp. racemosa – American Spikenard
Arctium minus Bernh. – Lesser (Common) Burdock
Arctium lappa L. – Great Burdock
Arenaria lateriflora see - Moehringia lateriflora (L.) – Blunt-leaf Sandwort
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott – Jack-in-the-pulpit
Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (L.) H. Rob. – Pale Indian Plantain
Arnoglossum reniforme (Hook.) H. Rob. – Great Indian Plantain
Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers. – Red Chokeberry
Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott – Black Chokeberry
Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. subsp. ludoviciana – White Sage (Prairie Sage, Western Mugwort)
Aruncus dioicus (Walter) Fernald. - Bride's-feathers (Goat's Beard) [Historical - not extant]
Asarum canadense L. – Canadian Wild Ginger
Asclepias exaltata L. – Poke Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata L. – Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias syriaca L. – Common Milkweed
Asclepias tuberosa L. – Butterfly Milkweed
Asclepias verticillata L. – Whorled Milkweed
Asparagus officinalis L. – Asparagus
Aster azureus see Symphyotrichum oolentangiense – Sky Blue Aster (Azure Aster)
Aster cordifolius -see- Symphyotrichum cordifolium L. – Heart-leaved Aster (Common Blue Wood Aster)
Aster divaricatus see- Eurybia divaricata – White Wood Aster
Aster ericoides see -Symphyotrichum ericoides L. – White Heath Aster (Many-flowered Aster)
Aster laevis see - Symphyotrichum laeve L. – Smooth Blue Aster
Aster lateriflorus see Symphyotrichum lateriflorum L. – Side Flowering Aster (Calico Aster)
Aster macrophyllus -see- Eurybia macrophylla L. – Bigleaf Aster (Large-leaved Aster)
Aster multiflorus -see- Symphyotrichum ericoides L. – White Heath Aster (Many-flowered Aster)
Aster novae-angliae see - Symphyotrichum novae-angliae L. – New England Aster
Aster oblongifolius -see- Symphyotrichum oblongifolium (Nutt.) – Aromatic Aster - [Historical, not extant]
Aster ontarionis -see- Symphyotrichum ontarionis – – Ontario Aster
Aster paniculatus -see- Symphyotrichum lanceolatum – White Panicle Aster
Aster puniceus see - Symphyotrichum puniceum L. – Redstemmed Aster (Purplestem Aster)
Aster sagittifolius see Symphyotrichum urophyllum – White Arrowleaf Aster (Arrow leaved Aster)
Aster sericeus -see- Symphyotrichum sericeum – – Silky Aster (Western Silver Aster)
Aster shortii -see- Symphyotrichum shortii. Short's Aster.
Aster simplex see - Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) – White Panicle Aster
Aster umbellatus see- Doellingeria umbellata (Mill.) – Flat-topped Aster
Astragalus canadensis L. – Canadian Milk Vetch
Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth – Lady Fern
Athyrium thelypterioides - see Deparia acrostichoides (SW.) M. Kato
Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. – False Blue Indigo (Blue Wild Indigo)
Baptisia alba (L) Vent. var. macrophylla – White False Indigo (Wild White Indigo)
Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Elliot – Plains Wild Indigo (Cream Wild Indigo)
B. lactea (Raf.) Thieret var lactea -see Baptisia alba (L) Vent. var. macrophylla – Large-leaved Wild Indigo
Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R.Br. – Horseflyweed (Small Yellow Wild Indigo) [historical, not extant]
Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. – Yellow Rocket - [Not in the Garden]
Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. – Blackberry Lily
Berteroa incana (L.) DC. – Hoary Alyssum
Betula alleghaniensis Britton – Yellow Birch
Betula lenta L. – Sweet Birch [Historical - not extant]
Betula nigra L. – River Birch
Betula papyrifera Marshall – Paper Birch
Betula pumila L. – Bog Birch
Bidens cernua L. – Nodding Bur Marigold (Beggar-ticks)
Bidens connata Muhl. ex Willd. – Swamp Beggartick (Purple-stem Beggartick)
Bidens frondosa L. – Devil's Beggartick
Blephilia cilata (L.) Benth. – Downy Wood Mint
Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. – Hairy Wood Mint (Hoary Wood Mint)
Boechera laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Al-Shehbaz – Smooth Rockcress
Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. – Sideoats Grama (grass)
Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths – Blue Grama [Historical, not extant]
Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch – Black Mustard - [Historical - not extant]
Bromus inermis Leyss. – Smooth Brome (grass)
Bromus latiglumis (Shear) Hitchc. – Earlyleaf Brome (grass)
Bromus pubescens L. – Hairy Woodland Brome (grass)
Cacalia atriplicifolia & Cacalia muhlenbergii -see: Arnoglossum reniforme – Pale & Great Indian Plantain
Calla palustris L. – Wild Calla (Water Arum)
Callirhoe bushii Fernald – Bush's Poppy-mallow [Not in the Garden]
Caltha palustris L. – Marsh Marigold (Cowslip, Yellow Marsh Marigold)
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. – Hedge Bindweed
Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory - Wild White Hyacinth
Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small – Tall Bellflower (American Bellflower)
Campanula americana - see Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small – Tall Bellflower (American Bellflower)
Campanula aparinoides Pursh – Marsh Bellflower - [Historic, not extant]
Campanula cervicaria L. – Bristly Bellflower (Bristly Bluebells)
Campanula rapunculoides L. – European Bellflower (Rampion Bellflower)
Campanula rotundifolia L. – Harebell
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. – Shepherd's Purse [Historical, not extant]
Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz – Cut-leaved Toothwort
Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Alph. Wood – Two-leaved Toothwort (Crinkleroot)
Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. – Pennsylvania Bitter-cress)
Carex alopecoidea Tuck. – Foxtail Sedge
Carex blanda Dewey – Eastern Wood Sedge
Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. ex Lunell – Shortbeak Sedge
Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd. – Oval-leaf Sedge (Woodbank Sedge)
Carex comosa Boott – Bristly Sedge
Carex conjuncta Boott - Soft Fox Sedge [Not in the Garden]
Carex cristatella Britton – Crested Sedge (Oval Crested Sedge.
Carex gracillima Schwein. – Graceful Sedge
Carex grayi J. Carey – Gray's Sedge [Not in the Garden]
Carex grisea Wahlenb. – Narrow-leaf Sedge (Gray Sedge)
Carex hirtifolia Mack. – Hairy Wood Sedge
Carex hystericina Muhl. ex Willd. – Bottlebrush Sedge
Carex lacustris Willd. – Lake Sedge
Carex lupulina Willd. – Hop Sedge [Not in the Garden]
Carex muskingumensis Schwein. - Palm Sedge (Muskingum Sedge) [Not in the Garden]
Carex pedunculata Muhl. ex Willd. – Long-stalk Sedge
Carex pellita Willd. – Woolly Sedge
Carex pensylvanica Lam. – Pennsylvania Sedge (Yellow Sedge)
Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small – Eastern Star Sedge
Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. – Stellate Sedge (Rosy Sedge)
Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd. var. scoparia – Broom Sedge (Lance-fruited Oval Sedge) [Not in the Garden]
Carex sparganioides Muhl. ex Willd. – Bur-reed Sedge
Carex sprengelii Dewey ex Spreng. – Sprengel's Sedge
Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd. var. stipata – Awl-fruit Sedge
Carex stricta Lam. – Upright Sedge
Carex tenera Dewey – Quill Sedge
Carex typhina Michx. – Cattail Sedge
Carex vulpinoidea Michx. - Fox Sedge [Not in the Garden]
Carpinus caroliniana Walter – Musclewood (Blue Beech)
Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K.Koch – Bitternut Hickory
Carya ovata (Mill.) K.Koch – Shagbark Hickory
Cassia fasciculata (see- Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.)) – Partridge Pea
Castanea dentata (Marshall) Borkh. – American Chestnut [Not in the Garden]
Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. – Blue Cohosh
Ceanothus americanus L. – New Jersey Tea
Celastrus scandens L. – Climbing Bittersweet (American Bittersweet)
Celtis occidentalis L. – Hackberry
Centaurea biebersteinii L. – Spotted Knapweed
Cephalanthus occidentalis L. – Buttonbush
Cerastium fontanum emend Jalas ssp. vulgare – Mouse-ear Chickweed
Cercis canadensis L. – Eastern Redbud
Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene – Partridge Pea
Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench - Leatherleaf [Historical - not extant]
Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub – Fireweed
Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) H.O.Yates – Northern Sea Oats [Not in the Garden]
Chelone glabra L. – Turtlehead (White Turtlehead)
Chelone obliqua L. – Red Turtlehead
Chionanthus virginicus L. – Fringe Tree
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum - see- Leucanthemum vulgare Lam – Oxeye Daisy
Cichorium intybus L. – Chicory
Cicuta bulbifera L. – Bulblet Water Hemlock - [Not in the Garden]
Cicuta maculata L. – Water Hemlock - [Historical, not extant]
Cimicifuga racemosa L. – Black Bugbane (Bugbane, Black Cohosh)
Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis (L.) Asch. & Magnus – Enchanter's Nightshade (Broadleaf Enchanter's Nightshade)
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. – Canada Thistle
Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng. – Field Thistle
Cirsium muticum Michx. – Swamp Thistle
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. – Bull Thistle [Historical - not extant]
Cirsium - Comparison sheet - all MN Thistles –
Cladrastis kentukea (Dum. Cours.) Rudd – Yellowwood
Claytonia virginica L. – Virginia Spring Beauty
Clematis virginiana L. – Virgin's Bower
Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. – Bastard Toadflax
Comarum palustre L. – Purple Marshlocks (Marsh Cinquefoil) [Historical - not extant]
Comptonia peregrina (L.) J.M. Coult – Sweet Fern
Convallaria majalis L. var. magalis – European Lily-of-the-Valley
Convolvulus arvensis L. – Field Bindweed - [Historical, not extant]
Convolvulus sepium see - Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. angulata Brummitt – Hedge Bindweed (Wild Morning Glory)
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist – Canadian Horseweed (Canada Fleabane)
Coreopsis palmata Nutt. – Stiff Coreopsis (Bird's Foot Coreopsis)
Cornus alternifolia L. f. – Pagoda Dogwood (Alternate-leaf Dogwood)
Cornus canadensis L. - Bunchberry (Dwarf Cornel) [Historical - not extant]
Cornus obliqua Raf. – Pale Dogwood
Cornus racemosa Lam. – Gray Dogwood
Cornus sericea L. – Red osier Dogwood
Coronilla varia L. – Crown Vetch - [Not in the Garden]
Corydalis sempervirens (L.) Pers. – Pale Corydalis (historical Garden plant - not extant)
Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv. – Fumewort (Spring Fumewort)
Corylus americana Walter – American Hazelnut
Corylus cornuta Marshall subsp. cornuta – Beaked Hazelnut - [Historical, not extant]
Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe – Hawthorn (Red Hawthorn)
Crataegus crus-galli L. – Cockspur Hawthorn
Crepis tectorum L. – Narrowleaf Hawksbeard
Cryptotaenia canadensis L. - Canadian Honewort [Historical - not extant]
Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex. Schult – Dodder - Common
Cyperus esculentus L. var. leptostachyus Boeckeler – Yellow Nutsedge
Cypripedium acaule Aiton – Stemless Lady's-slipper (Moccasin Flower) [Historical - not extant]
Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. makasin – Yellow Lady's-slipper (Greater) [Historical, not extant]
Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight – Yellow Lady's-slipper (Greater)
Cypripedium reginae Walter – Showy Lady's-slipper
Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernhardi----Bulblet Fern
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. – Brittle Bladder Fern [Historical - not extant]
Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd – White Prairie Clover
Dalea purpurea Vent. – Purple Prairie Clover
Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. – Shrubby Conquefoil [Historical, not extant]
Datura stramonium L. - Jimsonweed - [Historical - not extant]
Daucus carota L. - Queen Anne's Lace [Historical - not extant]
Delphinium exaltatum Aiton – Tall Larkspur - not in Garden
Dentaria diphylla- see Cardamine diphylla – Two-leaved Toothwort
Dentaria laciniata see - Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) – Cut-leaved Toothwort
Deparia acrostichoides (SW.) M. Kato – Silvery False Spleenwort
Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. – Showy Ticktrefoil (Canada Ticktrefoil)
Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) – Pointed-leaved Ticktrefoil
Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. – Dutchman's Breeches
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann – Western Panicgrass
Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Schult.) Gould var. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould – Panicgrass (Scribner's Panicgrass)
Diervilla lonicera Mill. – Northern Bush Honeysuckle
Digitalis lanata Ehrh. – Grecian Foxglove
Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. – Crabgrass (Hairy Crabgrass)
Dioscorea villosa L. – Wild Yamroot
Diplazium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) M.Broun – Glade Fern [Historical - not extant]
Dirca palustris L. – Eastern Leatherwood
Dodecatheon meadia L. ssp. meadia – Shooting Star (Pride of Ohio)
Doellingeria umbellata (Mill.) var. pubens – Flat-topped Aster
Drosera rotundifolia L. - Roundleaf Sundew [Historical - not extant]
Drymocallis arguta (Pursh) Rybg. - Tall Drymocallis (Prairie Cinquefoil) [Historical, not extant]
Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P.Fuchs – Spinulose Wood Fern [Historical - not extant]
Dryopteris cristata (L.) A.Gray – Crested Wood Fern [Historical - not extant]
Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott – Male Fern
Dryopteris goldiana (Hook. ex Goldie) A.Gray – Goldie's Wood Fern
Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A.Gray – Marginal Wood Fern
Echinacea angustifolia DC. – Narrow-leaved Coneflower - [Historical, not extant]
Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. – Pale Purple Coneflower
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench – Eastern Purple Coneflower
Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray – Wild Cucumber (Historical - not extant)
Elymus canadensis L. – Canada Wild-rye
Elymus hystrix L. – Eastern Bottlebrush Grass
Elymus repens (L.) Gould – Quackgrass
Elymus sp. – Wild Rye
Enemion biternatum Raf. – False Rue Anemone (Eastern False Rue Anemone)
Epilobium angustifolium – see Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub. - Fireweed
Epilobium ciliatum Raf. ssp. glandulosum (Lehm.) - See Epilobium coloratum – Northern Willowherb (American Willowherb)
Epilobium coloratum Biehler – Willowherb
Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz – Helleborine (Broad-leaved Helleborine)
Equisetum arvense L. – Field Horsetail [Historical - not extant]
Equisetum fluviatile L. – Water Horsetail
Erechtites hieraciifolia (L.) Raf ex DC – American Burnweed (Fireweed)
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. – Eastern or Annual Daisy Fleabane
Erigeron canadensis - see Conyza canadensis – Canadian Horseweed
Erigeron philadelphicus L. var. philadelphicus – Philadelphia Fleabane (Common Fleabane)
Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. – Lesser Daisy Fleabane (Prairie Fleabane)
Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. – Button Eryngio (Rattlesnake-master)
Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) DC - Western Wallflower (Prairie Rocket Wallflower) [Historical - not extant]
Erythronium albidum Nutt. – White Troutlily (White Fawn Lily)
Erythronium americanum Ker Gawl. – Yellow Troutlily (Dogtooth Violet)
Erythronium propullans A. Gray – Minnesota Dwarf Troutlily
Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. – Eastern Wahoo
Euonymus obovata Nutt. – Running Strawberry Bush
Eupatorium maculatum -See Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont – Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. – Boneset
Eupatorium purpureum L. - See -Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont – Sweet Scented Joe-Pye Weed
Eupatorium rugosum see Ageratina altissima L. – White Snakeroot
Euphorbia corollata L. – Flowering Spurge
Euphorbia cyathophora Murray – Wild Poinsettia
Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. – Leafy Spurge
Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. – Grass-leaved Goldenrod
Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont – Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont – Sweet-scented Joe-Pye Weed
Eurybia divaricata (L.) G. L. Nesom – White Wood Aster
Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. – Bigleaf Aster (Large-leaved Aster)
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. – American Beech
Fallopia cilinodis (Michx.) Holub. – Fringed Black Bindweed
Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A.Löve – Black Bindweed [Not in the Garden]
Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene var. japonica – Japanese Knotweed
Filipendula rubra (Hill) – Queen of the Prairie
Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. – Queen of the Meadow
Fragaria vesca L. – Woodland Strawberry
Fragaria virginiana Mill. – Common Strawberry (Virginia Strawberry)
Frangula alnus Mill. [Rhamnus frangula L.] – Glossy Buckthorn
Fraxinus americana L. – White Ash [Historical - not extant]
Fraxinus nigra Marshall – Black Ash
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall – Green Ash
Galax urceolata (Poir.) Brummitt – Galax (Beetleweed)
Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav. – Shaggy Soldier [Historical - not extant]
Galium aparine L. – Cleavers (Stickywilly)
Galium asprellum Michx. – Rough Bedstraw
Galium boreale L. – Northern Bedstraw
Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray – Shining Bedstraw
Galium trifidum L. – Threepetal Bedstraw
Galium triflorum Michx. – Fragrant Bedstraw (Sweet-scented Bedstraw)
Gaultheria procumbens L. – Wintergreen (Eastern Teaberry)
Gaura biennis L. – Biennial Gaura
Gentiana alba Muhl. ex Nutt – Plain Gentian, (Cream, Yellow, Pale Gentian)
Gentiana clausa Raf. and Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. – Bottle Gentian (Closed Gentian)
Gentiana flavida A.Gray – Plain Gentian, (Cream, Yellow, Pale Gentian)
Gentiana puberulenta J. S. Pringle – Downy Gentian
Gentianella quinquefolia (L.) Small - Stiff Gentian (Agueweed) [Historical - not extant.]
Geranium maculatum L. – Wild Geranium (Spotted Geranium)
Geum aleppicum Jacq. – Yellow Avens
Geum canadense Jacq. – White Avens
Geum triflorum Pursh – Prairie Smoke (Old Man's Whiskers)
Glechoma hederacea L. – Creeping Charlie (Ground Ivy)
Glyceria grandis S. Watson – American Mannagrass
Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. – Fowl Mannagrass
Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal – Curlycup Gumweed - [Historical, not extant]
Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch – Kentucky Coffeetree
Habenaria hyperborea - see - Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak – Northern Green Orchid [Historical, not extant]
Habenaria psychodes - see Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. – Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid [Historical, not extant]
Hackelia virginiana (L.) I. M. Johnst. – Virginia Stickseed (Beggar's Lice)
Hamamelis virginiana L. – Witch Hazel
Hedyotis longifolia (Gaertn.) Hook – Long-leaved Bluet [Historical, not extant]
Helenium autumnale L. – Sneezeweed
Helianthus giganteus L. – Giant Sunflower (Tall Sunflower)
Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. - Maximilian Sunflower [Historical, not extant]
Helianthus hirsutus Raf. – Stiff-haired Sunflower (Hairy Sunflower)
Helianthus occidentalis Riddell subsp. occidentalis– Western Sunflower [Historical, not extant]
Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. – Stiff Sunflower
Helianthus strumosus L. – Paleleaf Woodland Sunflower
Helianthus tuberosus L. – Jerusalem Artichoke
Helictotrichon sempervirens (Vill.) Pilg. – Blue Oatgrass
Heliopsis helianthoides (L) Sweet var. scraba – Smooth Oxeye (Yellow Oxeye)
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. – Yellow Day Lily
Hemerocallis fulva L. – Orange Day Lily
Hepatica nobilis Schreb. var. acuta (Pursh) Steyerm. see - Anemone acutiloba – Sharp-lobed Hepatica
Hepatica nobilis Schreb. var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyerm. see - Anemone americana – Round-lobed Hepatica
Heracleum maximum Bartram – Cow Parsnip
Hesperis matronalis L. – Dame's Rocket (Sweet Rocket) (Dame's Violet)
Hesperostipa spartea (Trin.) Barkworth – Porcupine Grass
Heterotheca villosa (Pursh) Shinners – Hairy Golden-aster [Historical, not extant]
Heuchera americana L. var. hirsuticalis – American Alumroot
Heuchera richardsonii R.Br. – Richardson's Alumroot
Hieracium aurantiacum L. – Orange Hawkweed
Hieracium umbellatum L. – Rough Hawkweed (Narrow-leaf or Canada Hawkweed)
Hydrastis canadensis L. – Goldenseal
Hydrophyllum virginianum L. – Virginia Waterleaf (Eastern Waterleaf)
Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H. Ohba. – Live Forever (Witch's Moneybags)
Hypericum pyramidatum Aiton – Great St. Johnswort
Hypericum perforatum L. – Common St. Johnswort
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray – Winterberry (Black Alder)
Impatiens capensis Meerb. (I. biflora) – Spotted Touch-me-not (Jewelweed)
Impatiens pallida Nutt. – Pale Touch-me-not (Pale Jewelweed)
Inula helenium L. – Elecampane - [Historical, not extant]
Iris cristata Aiton – Dwarf Crested Iris [Historical - not extant]
Iris pseudacorus L. – Yellow Flag Iris (Pale Yellow Iris)
Iris versicolor L. – Blue Flag Iris
Isopyrum biternatum - see Enemion biternatum Raf. – False Rue Anemone
Jeffersonia diphylla (L.) Pers. – Twinleaf
Juglans cinerea L. – Butternut
Juglans nigra L. – Black Walnut
Juniperus virginiana L. var. virginiana L. – Eastern Redcedar
Kalmia latifolia L. – Mountain Laurel
Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald – Tall Blue Lettuce [not in the Garden]
Lactuca canadensis L. – Wild Lettuce
Lactuca serriola L. – Prickly Lettuce
Lamium amplexicaule L. - Henbit Deadnettle [Historical - not extant]
Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell – Wood Nettle (Canadian Wood Nettle)
Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch – Tamarack (Larch)
Lathyrus latifolius L. – Everlasting Pea - [Not in the Garden]
Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook. – Cream Pea
Lathyrus palustris L. – Marsh Pea [Historical - not extant]
Lathyrus venosus Muhl. ex Willd. – Veiny Pea, (Wild Pea), (Veiny Vetchling)
Ledum groenlandicum see -Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd – Labrador Tea [Historic - not extant]
Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. – Rice Cutgrass
Leersia virginica Willd. – Whitegrass (White Cutgrass)
Lemna minor L. – Lesser Duckweed
Leonurus cardiaca L. – Motherwort
Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. – Green-flowered Peppergrass
Lespedeza capitata Michx. – Round-headed Bushclover
Leucanthemum vulgare Lam – Oxeye Daisy
Liatris aspera Michx. – Rough Blazing Star
Liatris cylindracea Michx. – Ontario Blazing Star (Cylindrical Blazing Star)
Liatris ligulistylis (A. Nels) K. Schum. – Large-headed Blazing Star (Rocky Mountain Blazing Star)
Liatris pilosa (Aiton) Willd. – Shaggy Blazing Star
Liatris punctata Hook. – Dotted Blazing Star. [Historical - not extant]
Liatris pycnostachya Michx. – Prairie Blazing Star
Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. var. novae-angliae Lunell – Northern Blazing Star (New England Blazing Star)
Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. – Dense Blazing Star
Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. – Scaly Blazing Star [Historical - not extant]
Lilium canadense L. – Canada Lily (Meadow Lily) (Wild Yellow Lily)
Lilium michiganense L. – Michigan Lily
Lilium philadelphicum L. – Wood Lily
Lilium superbum L. – Turk's-cap Lily
Linaria vulgaris Mill. – Butter and Eggs
Lobelia cardinalis L. – Cardinal Flower
Lobelia siphilitica L. – Great Blue Lobelia (Blue Cardinal Flower)
Lobelia spicata Lam. - Pale-spike Lobelia [Historical - not extant]
Lonicera dioica L. – Climbing Honeysuckle (Limber Honeysuckle)
Lonicera tatarica L. – Tatarian Honeysuckle
Lotus corniculatus L. – Bird's-foot Trefoil - [Not in the Garden]
Lupinus perennis L. – Wild Lupine
Lychnis alba - see Silene latifolia Poir. – White Campion
Lychnis chalcedonica L. – Maltese Cross (Scarlet Lychnis). [Historical - not extant]
Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W.P.C. Barton – American Water Horehound
Lycopus uniflorus Michx. – Northern Bugleweed
Lysimachia borealis (Raf.) U. Manns & Anderb. – Starflower [Historical - not extant]
Lysimachia ciliata L. – Fringed Loosestrife
Lysimachia nummularia L. – Moneywort (Creeping Jenny)
Lysimachia quadriflora Sims – Prairie Loosestrife [Historical - not extant]
Lysimachia quadrifolia L. – Whorled Loosestrife
Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P. – Swamp Candles (Yellow Loosestrife)
Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. – Tufted Loosestrife (Swamp Loosestrife)
Lysimachia vulgaris L. – Garden Loosestrife
Lythrum salicaria L. – Purple Loosestrife
Maianthemum canadense Desf. – Canadian Mayflower (False Lily-of-the-Valley) [Historical Garden Plant - not extant]
Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link – False Solomon's seal (Feathery False Lily of the Valley)
Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link – Starry False Solomon's Seal
Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica (Willd.) C.V.Morton – Ostrich Fern
Medicago lupulina L. – Black Medick
Medicago sativa L. - Alfalfa [Historical - not extant]
Melilotus alba Medikus – White Sweet Clover
Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. – Yellow Sweet Clover
Menispermum canadense L. – Canada Moonseed (Common Moonseed)
Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers ex Link – Virginia Bluebells
Mentha x piperita L. (Pro sp.) [aquatica-spicata] – Peppermint
Mentha arvensis L. var. canadensis – Wild Mint
Menyanthes trifoliata L. – Buckbean (Bog-bean) [Historical - not extant]
Micranthes pensylvanica (L.) Haw. – Eastern Swamp Saxifrage
Mimulus ringens L. var. ringens - Monkey Flower
Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacMill. – Heartleaf Four O'clock (Wild Four O'clock)
Mitchella repens L. – Partridge Berry
Mitella diphylla L. – Twoleaf Miterwort (Bishop's Cap)
Moehringia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl – Blunt-leaved Sandwort
Monarda fistulosa L. – Wild Bergamot
Monarda media Willd. – Purple Bergamot
Monarda punctata L. – Spotted Bee-balm (Horsemint). [Historical Garden Plant - not extant]
Monotropa uniflora L. – Indian Pipe [Historical Garden Plant - not extant.]
Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. – Mexican Muhly (Satin Gras)
Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. – Marsh Grass (Green Muhly)
Myosotis scorpioides L. – True Forget-me-not
Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop. – Sweet cicely [Not in the Garden]
Napaea dioica L. – Glade Mallow
Nepeta cataria L. – Catnip - [Historical, not extant]
Oenothera biennis L. – Common Evening Primrose
Oenothera gaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch - see Gaura biennis L. – Biennial Gaura
Oenothera pilosella Raf. – Prairie Sundrops (Meadow Evening Primrose)
Oligoneuron riddellii - see Solidago riddellii Frank ex Riddell – Riddell's Goldenrod
Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small var. rigidum -see Solidago rigida L. – Stiff Goldenrod
Onoclea sensibilis L. – Sensitive Fern
Onoclea struthiopteris - see Matteuccia struthiopteris - Ostrich Fern
Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B.Clarke – Bland Sweet Cicely
Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. – Aniseroot (Smooth Sweet Cicely)
Osmunda cinnamomea L. – Cinnamon Fern
Osmunda claytoniana L. – Interrupted Fern
Osmunda regalis (L.) var. spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray – Royal Fern [Historical - not extant]
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (L.) C. Presl - see Osmunda cinnamomea – Cinnamon Fern
Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) k Koch – Hophornbeam (Ironwood)
Oxalis stricta L. – Common Yellow Oxalis (Yellow Woodsorrel)
Packera aurea (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve – Golden Ragwort
Packera plattensis (Nutt.) W.A.Weber & A.Löve – Prairie Ragwort
Panicum virgatum L. – Switch Grass
Parnassia glauca Raf. – Fen Grass of Parnassas
Parthenium integrifolium L. – Wild Quinine (American Feverfew)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. – Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) Hitchc. – Grape Woodbine
Paspalum setaceum Michx. – Paspalum (Hairy Bead Grass)
Pastinaca sativa L. - Wild Parsnip - [Historical - not extant.]
Pediomelum argophyllum (Pursh) J. Grimes – Silvery Scurf Pea
Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims – Foxglove Beardtongue (Talus Slope Penstemon)
Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt. – Showy Beardtongue (Large Beardtongue)
Penstemon pallidus Small – Pale Beardtongue - [Not in the Garden]
Penthorum sedoides L. – Ditch Stonecrop [Historical - not extant]
Persicaria amphibia (L.) Gray- Water Smartweed - [Historical - not extant ]
Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Gray - Pale Smartweed. [Historical - not extant]
Persicaria maculosa Gray – Spotted Lady's-thumb - [Historical - not extant]
Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small – Dotted Smartweed
Persicaria sagittata (L.) H. Gross – Arrow-leaved Tearthumb
Petalostemon candidum- see Dalea candida – White Prairie Clover
Petalostemon purpureum - see Dalea purpurea – Purple Prairie Clover
Phalaris arundinacea L. – Reed Canary Grass
Philadelphus sp. – Mock Orange
Phleum pratense L. – Timothy
Phlox divaricata L. – Wild Blue Phlox
Phlox maculata L. – Wild Sweet William -[Historical, not extant]
Phlox paniculata L. – Garden Phlox
Phlox pilosa L. – Downy Phlox (Prairie Phlox)
Photinia melanocarpa - see Aronia melanocarpa Michx. – Black Chokeberry
Photinia pyrifolia Lam.- see Aronia arbutifolia – Red Chokeberry
Phryma leptostachya L. – Lopseed (American Lopseed)
Physalis heterophylla Nees – Clammy Ground Cherry
Physalis longifolia Nutt. - – Long-leaf Ground Cherry [Not in the Garden]
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. – Ninebark (Common Ninebark)
Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. – Obedient Plant (False Dragonhead)
Picea abies (L.) Karst. – Norway Spruce
Picea glauca (Moench) Voss – White Spruce
Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P. – Black Spruce
Pilea pumila (L.) A.Gray – Canadian Clearweed
Pinus banksiana Lamb. – Jack Pine [Historical, not extant]
Pinus resinosa Aiton. – Red Pine (Norway Pine)
Pinus strobus L. – Eastern White Pine
Pinus sylvestris L. - Scot's Pine
Plantago major L. – Common Plantain
Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak – Northern Green Orchid ([Historical, not extant]
Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. – Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid [Historical, not extant]
Poa compressa L. – Canada Bluegrass
Poa pratensis L. – Kentucky Bluegrass
Podophyllum peltatum L. – Mayapple
Polemonium occidentale Green ssp lacustre Wherry – Western Jacob's Ladder [not in the Garden].
Polemonium reptans L. – Spreading Jacob's-ladder (Greek Valerian)
Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot – Great Solomon's Seal (Smooth Solomon's Seal)
Polygonum amphibium L. - see Persicaria amphibia – Water Smartweed
Polygonum cilinode Michx. – see Fallopia cilinodis - Fringed Black Bindweed
Polygonum convolvulus see - Fallopia convolvulus – Black Bindweed
Polygonum cuspidatum - see Fallopia japonica – Japanese Knotweed
Polygonum persicaria see - Persicaria maculosa – Spotted Lady's-thumb
Polygonum punctatum see - Persicaria punctata – Dotted Smartweed
Polygonum sagittatum see- Persicaria sagittata – Arrow-leaved Tearthumb
Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott – Christmas Fern
Populus alba L. - White Poplar [Not in the Garden]
Populus balsamifera L. subsp. balsamifera – Balm of Gilead (Balsam Poplar)
Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall, subsp. monilifera – Plains Cottonwood
Populus grandidentata Michx. – Bigtooth Aspen
Populus tremuloides Michx. – Quaking Aspen
Potentilla argentea L. – Silver Cinquefoil
Potentilla arguta - see Drymocallis arguta (Pursh) Rybg. – Prairie Cinquefoil - [Historical, not extant]
Potentilla norvegica L. - [Historical, not extant] – Rough Cinquefoil
Potentilla recta L. – Rough Fruited Cinquefoil
Potentilla simplex Michx. – Common Cinquefoil
Prenanthes alba L. – White Rattlesnake Root
Prunella vulgaris L. subsp. lanceolata. – Heal-all (Self Heal)
Prunella vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris – Lawn Prunella [Not in the Garden]
Prunus americana Marsh. – Wild Plum (American Plum)
Prunus pensylvanica L.f. – Pin Cherry
Prunus pumila L. var. besseyi (L.H. Bailey) Gleason – Western Sand Cherry - [Historical, not extant]
Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina – Black Cherry - tree
Prunus virginiana L. var. virginiana – Chokecherry
Ptelea trifoliata L. – Hoptree
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. latiusculum – Bracken Fern
Pulsatilla nuttalliana (DC.) Spreng. – Pasque Flower - [Historical, not extant]
Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D.Jackson ex B.L. Robins & Fernald. – Virginia Mountain Mint
Quercus alba L. – White Oak
Quercus bicolor Willd. – Swamp White Oak
Quercus coccinea Münchh. – Scarlet Oak
Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill – Northern Pin Oak
Quercus macrocarpa Michx. – Bur Oak
Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. – Chinkapin Oak [Historical - not extant]
Quercus palustris Münchh. – Pin Oak [Historical - not extant]
Quercus rubra L. – Northern Red Oak
Quercus velutina Lam. – Black Oak
Ranunculus abortivus L. – Kidneyleaf Buttercup (Littleleaf Buttercup)
Ranunculus acris L. – Tall Buttercup
Ranunculus hispidus Michx. var nitidus – Swamp Buttercup (Hispid Buttercup, Rough Buttercup)
Ranunculus pensylvanicus L.f. – Bristly Buttercup (Bristly Crowfoot, Pennsylvania Buttercup) - [Not in the Garden]
Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. – Hooked Crowfoot (Blisterwort)
Ranunculus sceleratus L. – Cursed Crowfoot - [Not in the Garden]
Ranunculus septentrionalis - see R. hispidus
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. – Long-headed Coneflower (Prairie Coneflower)
Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart – Gray-headed Coneflower
Rhamnus cathartica L. – Common Buckthorn
Rhamnus frangula L. (Frangula alnus Mill.) – Glossy Buckthorn
Rhododendron calendulaceum (Michx.) Torr. – Flame Azalea
Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd – Labrador Tea [Historic - not extant]
Rhus aromatica Aiton – Fragrant Sumac
Rhus glabra L. – Smooth Sumac
Rhus hirta (L.) Sudworth [Rhus typhina L. ] – Staghorn Sumac
Ribes americanum Mill. – American Black Currant (Wild Black Currant)
Ribes cynosbati L. – Eastern Prickly Gooseberry
Ribes missouriense Nutt. – Missouri Gooseberry
Ribes rubrum L. – Garden Currant
Robinia pseudoacacia L. – Black Locust
Rosa acicularlis Lindl. – Prickly Rose
Rosa arkansana Porter – Prairie Rose (Arkansas Rose)
Rosa blanda Aiton – Smooth Rose
Rosa carolina L. – Carolina Rose (Pasture Rose)
Rosa palustris Marshall – Swamp Rose [not in Garden]
Rosa setigera Michx. – Climbing Rose (Illinois Rose)
Rosa woodsii Lindl. – Woods' Rose
Rubus allegheniensis Porter – Allegheny Blackberry
Rubus flagellaris Willd. – Dewberry (Northern Dewberry)
Rubus idaeus L. var. strigosus (Michx.) Focke – Wild Red Raspberry
Rubus occidentalis L. – Black Raspberry
Rubus odoratus L. – Purple Flowering Raspberry - [Historical, not extant]
Rubus parviflorus Nutt. – Thimbleberry (Flowering Raspberry)
Rubus pubescens Raf. – Dwarf Red Blackberry
Rubus setosus Big. (Rubus semisetosus Blanch.) – Bristly or Swamp Blackberry
Rudbeckia fulgida Aiton – Orange Coneflower - [Not in the Garden]
Rudbeckia hirta L. – Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia laciniata L. – Green-headed Coneflower
Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh – Sweet Black-eyed Susan - [Historical - not extant]
Rudbeckia triloba L. – Thin-leaved Coneflower (Brown-eyed Susan)
Ruellia humilis Nutt. – Fringeleaf Wild Petunia
Rumex crispus L. – Curly Dock
Sagittaria latifolia Willd. – Broadleaf Arrowhead
Salix discolor Muhl. – Pussy Willow
Salix nigra Marshall – Black Willow - [Historical, not extant]
Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli – Canada Elderberry (American Black Elderberry)
Sambucus racemosa L. – Red Elderberry ( Red-berried Elder)
Sanguinaria canadensis L. – Bloodroot
Saponaria officinalis L. – Bouncing Bet (Soapwort)
Sarracenia purpurea L. – Purple Pitcher Plant [Historical - not extant]
Saxifraga pensylvanica L. see -Micranthes pensylvanica (L.) Haw. – Eastern Swamp Saxifrage
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash var. scoparium – Little Bluestem
Scilla siberica Haw. – Blue Squill (Siberian Squill)
Scirpus atrovirens Willd. – Dark Green Bulrush
Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh. – Lanceleaf Figwort
Sedum telephium - see Hylotelephium telephium L. – Live Forever
Senecio aureus see Packera aurea L. – Golden Ragwort
Senna hebecarpa (Fernald) Irwin & Barneby – Wild Senna
Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. ssp. pumila – Yellow Foxtail
Shepherdia Argentea (Pursh) Nutt. – Silver Buffaloberry - [Historical, not extant]
Sicyos angulatus L. – Bur Cucumber [Not in the Garden]
Silene chalcedonica (L.) E.H.L.Krause – Maltese Cross (Scarlet Lychnis) [Historical, not extant]
Silene latifolia Poir. – White Campion - [Historical, not extant]
Silene noctiflora L. – Night-flowering Catchfly - [Historical, not extant]
Silene regia Sims – Royal Catchfly
Silene stellata (L.) W.T. Aiton – Starry Campion (Widow's Frill)
Silphium integrifolium Michx. – Wholeleaf Rosinweed (Rosin-weed)
Silphium laciniatum L. – Compass Plant
Silphium perfoliatum L. – Cup Plant
Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. – Prairie Dock (Prairie Rosinweed)
Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. – Narrowleaf Blue-eyed Grass
Smilacina racemosa see Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. racemosum – False Solomon's-seal
Smilax ecirrhata S. Watson – Upright Carrion Flower (Erect Carrion Flower)
Smilax lasioneura L. – Common Carrion Flower (BlueRidge Carrion Flower)
Solanum dulcamara L. – Climbing Nightshade (Bittersweet Nightshade)
Solanum nigrum -see - Solanum ptycanthemum Dunal. – Black Nightshade
Solanum ptycanthemum Dunal. - West Indian Black Nightshade
Solidago altissima L. – Late (Tall) Goldenrod
Solidago canadensis (L.) var. scabra Torr. & Gray - see Solidago altissima – Canada Goldenrod
Solidago flexicaulis L. – Zigzag Goldenrod
Solidago gigantea Aiton – Giant Goldenrod
Solidago graminifolia L. see Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. var. graminifolia – Grass-leaved Goldenrod
Solidago nemoralis Aiton. – Gray Goldenrod (Old Field Goldenrod)
Solidago riddellii Frank ex Riddell – Riddell's Goldenrod
Solidago rigida L. [Oligoneuron rigidum L.] – Stiff Goldenrod
Solidago speciosa Nutt. – Showy Goldenrod
Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. – Elm-leaved Goldenrod
Sonchus arvensis L. – Field Sow Thistle - [Historical, not extant]
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill – Spiny Sow Thistle [Historical, not extant]
Sorbus americana Marshall – American Mountain Ash
Sorbus aucuparia L. – European Mountain Ash - [Not in Garden]
Sorbus decora (Sarg.) C.K.Schneid. – Showy Mountain Ash
Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash – Indiangrass
Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. – Broadleaf Burweed
Spartina pectinata Bosc. ex Link. – Prairie Cordgrass
Spiraea alba DuRoi. – Meadowsweet (Narrowleaf Meadowsweet)
Sporobolus heterolepis (A. Gray) A. Gray – Prairie Dropseed
Stachys palustris L. – Marsh Hedgenettle - [Historical, not extant]
Staphylea trifolia L. – American Bladdernut
Stellaria longifolia Muhl. ex Willd. – Long-leaved Chickweed (Long-leaved Stichwort)
Stellaria media (L.) Vill. - Common Chickweed - [Historical - not extant]
Strophostyles helvola (L.) Elliott – Amberique Bean (Trailing Wild Bean)
Stylophorum diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. – Wood Poppy
Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake – Snowberry
Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. – Wolfberry
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench – Coralberry
Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) G.L. Nesom – Heart-leaved Aster (Common Blue Wood Aster)
Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) G. L. Nesom – White Heath Aster (Many-flowered Aster)
Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve – Smooth Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum (Willd.) Nesom – White Panicle Aster
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A. Love & D. Love – Side-flowering Aster (Calico Aster)
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) Nesom – New England Aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom – Aromatic Aster - [Historical, not extant]
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) G.L. Nesom – Sky Blue Aster (Azure Aster)
Symphyotrichum ontarionis (Wiegand) G.L. Nesom – Ontario Aster
Symphyotrichum puniceum (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve var. puniceum – Red-stemmed Aster & Purplestem Aster
Symphyotrichum sericeum (Vent.) G.L. Nesom – Silky Aster (Western Silver Aster)
Symphyotrichum shortii (Lindl.) G.L.Nesom. – Short's Aster
Symphyotrichum urophyllum (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom – White Arrowleaf Aster
Symphytum officinale L. – Comfrey [Historical - not extant]
Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex W.P.C. Barton – Skunk Cabbage
Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip. – Feverfew - [Not in the Garden]
Tanacetum vulgare L. - not extant – Tansy
Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. – Dandelion
Taxus canadensis Marshall – American Yew
Teucrium canadense L. – Canada Germander (American Germander, Wood Sage)
Thalictrum dioicum L. – Early Meadow Rue
Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch & Ave-Lall. – Tall Meadow Rue (Purple Meadow Rue)
Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & B. Boivin – Rue Anemone
Thalictrum venulosum Trel. - Veiny Meadow Rue
Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens (G. Lawson) Fernald - Marsh Fern [Historical - not extant]
Thlaspi arvense L. – Field Pennycress - [Not in the Garden]
Thuja occidentalis L. – Northern White Cedar
Tiarella cordifolia L. – Foamflower (Heartleaf Foamflower)
Tilia americana L. – American Basswood
Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC. – Japanese Hedge Parsley - [Not in the Garden]
Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Greene – Western Poison Ivy
Tradescantia bracteata Small – Spiderwort (Bracted Spiderwort)
Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. – Bluejacket (Ohio Spiderwort)
Tragopogon dubius Scop. – Yellow Salsify
Tragopogon pratensis L. [Old - Tragopogon lamottei Rouy] – Meadow Goatsbeard (Yellow Goatsbeard)
Trifolium pratense L. – Red Clover
Trifolium repens L. – White Clover
Triglochin palustris L. – Marsh Arrowgrass
Trillium cernuum L. – Nodding Trillium
Trillium cuneatum Raf. – Sweet Betsy
Trillium erectum L. – Purple Trillium
Trillium flexipes Raf. – Drooping Trillium (Nodding Wakerobin, Declining Trillium)
Trillium grandiflorum (Michx) Salisb. – Large-flowered Trillium (White Trillium)
Trillium luteum (Muhl.) Harbison – Yellow Trillium (Yellow Wakerobin)
Trillium nivale Riddell – Snow Trillium
Trillium recurvatum L.C.Beck – Prairie Trillium
Trillium sessile L. – Toadshade (Sessile Trillium)
Triosteum perfoliatum L. – Horse Gentian (Late Horse Gentian)
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière – Eastern Hemlock
Typha angustifolia L. – Narrow-leaved Cattail
Typha latifolia L. – Common Cattail
Ulmus americana L. – American Elm
Ulmus pumila L. – Siberian Elm [Not in the Garden]
Ulmus rubra Muhl. – Slippery Elm (Red Elm)
Ulmus thomasii Sarg. - Rock Elm (Cork Elm) [Historical - not extant]
Urtica dioica L. subsp. gracilis (Aiton) Selander – Stinging Nettle (California Nettle)
Uvularia grandiflora Sm. – Large-flowered Bellwort
Uvularia sessilifolia L. – Wild Oats (Sissileleaf Bellwort)
Valeriana officinalis L. – Garden Valerian
Verbascum thapsus L. – Common Mullein
Verbena hastata L. – Blue Vervain (Swamp Vervain)
Verbena stricta L. – Hoary Vervain
Verbena urticifolia L. – White Vervain
Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britton ex Kearney – Wingstem - [Not in the Garden]
Vernonia fasciculata Michx. – Ironweed (Prairie Ironweed)
Veronica serpyllifolia L. – Thyme-leaf Speedwell [Historical, not extant]
Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. – Culver's Root
Viburnum dentatum L. – Southern Arrowwood
Viburnum lantana L. – Wayfaring-tree - [Not in the Garden]
Viburnum lentago L. – Nannyberry
Viburnum opulus L. var . americanum Aiton. – Highbush Cranberry (American Cranberrybush)
Viburnum opulus L. var. opulus – European Cranberrybush
Viburnum rafinesquianum Schult. – Downy Arrowwood [Not in the Garden]
Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd. – American Vetch
Vicia villosa Roth – Hairy Vetch - [Not in the Garden]
Vinca minor L. – Common Periwinkle (Running Myrtle)
Viola canadensis L. – Canada Violet (Canadian White Violet)
Viola cucullata Aiton – Marsh Blue Violet [Historical - not extant]
Viola macloskeyi F.E.Lloyd – Macloskey's Violet (Small White Violet) [Historical - not extant]
Viola pedata L. – Bird's-foot Violet [Historical, not extant].]
Viola pedatifida G. Don – Prairie Birdsfoot Violet
Viola pubescens Aiton – Downy Yellow Violet
Viola sororia Willd. (Viola papilionacea) – Common Blue Violet, (Woolly Blue Violet)
Vitis riparia Michx. – Riverbank Grape
Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. – Prickly-ash
Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch – Golden Alexanders (Golden Zizia)
©2023 Friends of the Wildflower Garden, Inc., P. O. Box 3793, Minneapolis, MN 55403. www.friendsofeloisebutler.org. 112423